/*
** $Id: lvm.c,v 2.268.1.1 2017/04/19 17:39:34 roberto Exp $
** Lua virtual machine
** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
*/

#define lvm_c
#define LUA_CORE

#include "lprefix.h"

#include <float.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#include "lua.h"

#include "ldebug.h"
#include "ldo.h"
#include "lfunc.h"
#include "lgc.h"
#include "lobject.h"
#include "lopcodes.h"
#include "lstate.h"
#include "lstring.h"
#include "ltable.h"
#include "ltm.h"
#include "lvm.h"
#include "lstring.h"
#include "lauxlib.h"

/* limit for table tag-method chains (to avoid loops) */
#define MAXTAGLOOP 2000

/*
** 'l_intfitsf' checks whether a given integer can be converted to a
** float without rounding. Used in comparisons. Left undefined if
** all integers fit in a float precisely.
*/
#if !defined(l_intfitsf)

/* number of bits in the mantissa of a float */
#define NBM (l_mathlim(MANT_DIG))

/*
** Check whether some integers may not fit in a float, that is, whether
** (maxinteger >> NBM) > 0 (that implies (1 << NBM) <= maxinteger).
** (The shifts are done in parts to avoid shifting by more than the size
** of an integer. In a worst case, NBM == 113 for long double and
** sizeof(integer) == 32.)
*/
#if ((((LUA_MAXINTEGER >> (NBM / 4)) >> (NBM / 4)) >> (NBM / 4)) >> (NBM - (3 * (NBM / 4)))) > 0

#define l_intfitsf(i) (-((lua_Integer)1 << NBM) <= (i) && (i) <= ((lua_Integer)1 << NBM))

#endif

#endif

/*
** Try to convert a value to a float. The float case is already handled
** by the macro 'tonumber'.
*/
int luaV_tonumber_(const TValue* obj, lua_Number* n)
{
    TValue v;
    if (ttisinteger(obj))
    {
        *n = cast_num(ivalue(obj));
        return 1;
    }
    else if (cvt2num(obj) && /* string convertible to number? */
             luaO_str2num(svalue(obj), &v) == vslen(obj) + 1)
    {
        *n = nvalue(&v); /* convert result of 'luaO_str2num' to a float */
        return 1;
    }
    else
        return 0; /* conversion failed */
}

/*
** try to convert a value to an integer, rounding according to 'mode':
** mode == 0: accepts only integral values
** mode == 1: takes the floor of the number
** mode == 2: takes the ceil of the number
*/
int luaV_tointeger(const TValue* obj, lua_Integer* p, int mode)
{
    TValue v;
again:
    if (ttisfloat(obj))
    {
        lua_Number n = fltvalue(obj);
        lua_Number f = l_floor(n);
        if (n != f)
        { /* not an integral value? */
            if (mode == 0)
                return 0;      /* fails if mode demands integral value */
            else if (mode > 1) /* needs ceil? */
                f += 1;        /* convert floor to ceil (remember: n != f) */
        }
        return lua_numbertointeger(f, p);
    }
    else if (ttisinteger(obj))
    {
        *p = ivalue(obj);
        return 1;
    }
    else if (cvt2num(obj) && luaO_str2num(svalue(obj), &v) == vslen(obj) + 1)
    {
        obj = &v;
        goto again; /* convert result from 'luaO_str2num' to an integer */
    }
    return 0; /* conversion failed */
}

/*
** Try to convert a 'for' limit to an integer, preserving the
** semantics of the loop.
** (The following explanation assumes a non-negative step; it is valid
** for negative steps mutatis mutandis.)
** If the limit can be converted to an integer, rounding down, that is
** it.
** Otherwise, check whether the limit can be converted to a number.  If
** the number is too large, it is OK to set the limit as LUA_MAXINTEGER,
** which means no limit.  If the number is too negative, the loop
** should not run, because any initial integer value is larger than the
** limit. So, it sets the limit to LUA_MININTEGER. 'stopnow' corrects
** the extreme case when the initial value is LUA_MININTEGER, in which
** case the LUA_MININTEGER limit would still run the loop once.
*/
static int forlimit(const TValue* obj, lua_Integer* p, lua_Integer step, int* stopnow)
{
    *stopnow = 0; /* usually, let loops run */
    if (!luaV_tointeger(obj, p, (step < 0 ? 2 : 1)))
    {                           /* not fit in integer? */
        lua_Number n;           /* try to convert to float */
        if (!tonumber(obj, &n)) /* cannot convert to float? */
            return 0;           /* not a number */
        if (luai_numlt(0, n))
        { /* if true, float is larger than max integer */
            *p = LUA_MAXINTEGER;
            if (step < 0)
                *stopnow = 1;
        }
        else
        { /* float is smaller than min integer */
            *p = LUA_MININTEGER;
            if (step >= 0)
                *stopnow = 1;
        }
    }
    return 1;
}

/*
** Finish the table access 'val = t[key]'.
** if 'slot' is NULL, 't' is not a table; otherwise, 'slot' points to
** t[k] entry (which must be nil).
*/
void luaV_finishget(lua_State* L, const TValue* t, TValue* key, StkId val, const TValue* slot)
{
    int loop;         /* counter to avoid infinite loops */
    const TValue* tm; /* metamethod */
    for (loop = 0; loop < MAXTAGLOOP; loop++)
    {
        if (slot == NULL)
        { /* 't' is not a table? */
            lua_assert(!ttistable(t));
            tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, t, TM_INDEX);
            if (ttisnil(tm))
                luaG_typeerror(L, t, "index"); /* no metamethod */
                                               /* else will try the metamethod */
        }
        else
        { /* 't' is a table */
            lua_assert(ttisnil(slot));
            tm = fasttm(L, hvalue(t)->metatable, TM_INDEX); /* table's metamethod */
            if (tm == NULL)
            {                     /* no metamethod? */
                setnilvalue(val); /* result is nil */
                return;
            }
            /* else will try the metamethod */
        }
        if (ttisfunction(tm))
        {                                       /* is metamethod a function? */
            luaT_callTM(L, tm, t, key, val, 1); /* call it */
            return;
        }
        t = tm; /* else try to access 'tm[key]' */
        if (luaV_fastget(L, t, key, slot, luaH_get))
        {                           /* fast track? */
            setobj2s(L, val, slot); /* done */
            return;
        }
        /* else repeat (tail call 'luaV_finishget') */
    }
    luaG_runerror(L, "'__index' chain too long; possible loop");
}

/*
** Finish a table assignment 't[key] = val'.
** If 'slot' is NULL, 't' is not a table.  Otherwise, 'slot' points
** to the entry 't[key]', or to 'luaO_nilobject' if there is no such
** entry.  (The value at 'slot' must be nil, otherwise 'luaV_fastset'
** would have done the job.)
*/
void luaV_finishset(lua_State* L, const TValue* t, TValue* key, StkId val, const TValue* slot)
{
    int loop; /* counter to avoid infinite loops */
    for (loop = 0; loop < MAXTAGLOOP; loop++)
    {
        const TValue* tm; /* '__newindex' metamethod */
        if (slot != NULL)
        {                                              /* is 't' a table? */
            Table* h = hvalue(t);                      /* save 't' table */
            lua_assert(ttisnil(slot));                 /* old value must be nil */
            tm = fasttm(L, h->metatable, TM_NEWINDEX); /* get metamethod */
            if (tm == NULL)
            {                                      /* no metamethod? */
                if (slot == luaO_nilobject)        /* no previous entry? */
                    slot = luaH_newkey(L, h, key); /* create one */
                /* no metamethod and (now) there is an entry with given key */
                setobj2t(L, cast(TValue*, slot), val); /* set its new value */
                invalidateTMcache(h);
                luaC_barrierback(L, h, val);
                return;
            }
            /* else will try the metamethod */
        }
        else
        { /* not a table; check metamethod */
            if (ttisnil(tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, t, TM_NEWINDEX)))
                luaG_typeerror(L, t, "index");
        }
        /* try the metamethod */
        if (ttisfunction(tm))
        {
            luaT_callTM(L, tm, t, key, val, 0);
            return;
        }
        t = tm; /* else repeat assignment over 'tm' */
        if (luaV_fastset(L, t, key, slot, luaH_get, val))
            return; /* done */
                    /* else loop */
    }
    luaG_runerror(L, "'__newindex' chain too long; possible loop");
}

/*
** Compare two strings 'ls' x 'rs', returning an integer smaller-equal-
** -larger than zero if 'ls' is smaller-equal-larger than 'rs'.
** The code is a little tricky because it allows '\0' in the strings
** and it uses 'strcoll' (to respect locales) for each segments
** of the strings.
*/
static int l_strcmp(const TString* ls, const TString* rs)
{
    const char* l = getstr(ls);
    size_t ll = tsslen(ls);
    const char* r = getstr(rs);
    size_t lr = tsslen(rs);
    for (;;)
    { /* for each segment */
        int temp = strcoll(l, r);
        if (temp != 0)   /* not equal? */
            return temp; /* done */
        else
        {                                   /* strings are equal up to a '\0' */
            size_t len = strlen(l);         /* index of first '\0' in both strings */
            if (len == lr)                  /* 'rs' is finished? */
                return (len == ll) ? 0 : 1; /* check 'ls' */
            else if (len == ll)             /* 'ls' is finished? */
                return -1;                  /* 'ls' is smaller than 'rs' ('rs' is not finished) */
            /* both strings longer than 'len'; go on comparing after the '\0' */
            len++;
            l += len;
            ll -= len;
            r += len;
            lr -= len;
        }
    }
}

/*
** Check whether integer 'i' is less than float 'f'. If 'i' has an
** exact representation as a float ('l_intfitsf'), compare numbers as
** floats. Otherwise, if 'f' is outside the range for integers, result
** is trivial. Otherwise, compare them as integers. (When 'i' has no
** float representation, either 'f' is "far away" from 'i' or 'f' has
** no precision left for a fractional part; either way, how 'f' is
** truncated is irrelevant.) When 'f' is NaN, comparisons must result
** in false.
*/
static int LTintfloat(lua_Integer i, lua_Number f)
{
#if defined(l_intfitsf)
    if (!l_intfitsf(i))
    {
        if (f >= -cast_num(LUA_MININTEGER))    /* -minint == maxint + 1 */
            return 1;                          /* f >= maxint + 1 > i */
        else if (f > cast_num(LUA_MININTEGER)) /* minint < f <= maxint ? */
            return (i < cast(lua_Integer, f)); /* compare them as integers */
        else                                   /* f <= minint <= i (or 'f' is NaN)  -->  not(i < f) */
            return 0;
    }
#endif
    return luai_numlt(cast_num(i), f); /* compare them as floats */
}

/*
** Check whether integer 'i' is less than or equal to float 'f'.
** See comments on previous function.
*/
static int LEintfloat(lua_Integer i, lua_Number f)
{
#if defined(l_intfitsf)
    if (!l_intfitsf(i))
    {
        if (f >= -cast_num(LUA_MININTEGER))     /* -minint == maxint + 1 */
            return 1;                           /* f >= maxint + 1 > i */
        else if (f >= cast_num(LUA_MININTEGER)) /* minint <= f <= maxint ? */
            return (i <= cast(lua_Integer, f)); /* compare them as integers */
        else                                    /* f < minint <= i (or 'f' is NaN)  -->  not(i <= f) */
            return 0;
    }
#endif
    return luai_numle(cast_num(i), f); /* compare them as floats */
}

/*
** Return 'l < r', for numbers.
*/
static int LTnum(const TValue* l, const TValue* r)
{
    if (ttisinteger(l))
    {
        lua_Integer li = ivalue(l);
        if (ttisinteger(r))
            return li < ivalue(r);              /* both are integers */
        else                                    /* 'l' is int and 'r' is float */
            return LTintfloat(li, fltvalue(r)); /* l < r ? */
    }
    else
    {
        lua_Number lf = fltvalue(l); /* 'l' must be float */
        if (ttisfloat(r))
            return luai_numlt(lf, fltvalue(r)); /* both are float */
        else if (luai_numisnan(lf))             /* 'r' is int and 'l' is float */
            return 0;                           /* NaN < i is always false */
        else                                    /* without NaN, (l < r)  <-->  not(r <= l) */
            return !LEintfloat(ivalue(r), lf);  /* not (r <= l) ? */
    }
}

/*
** Return 'l <= r', for numbers.
*/
static int LEnum(const TValue* l, const TValue* r)
{
    if (ttisinteger(l))
    {
        lua_Integer li = ivalue(l);
        if (ttisinteger(r))
            return li <= ivalue(r);             /* both are integers */
        else                                    /* 'l' is int and 'r' is float */
            return LEintfloat(li, fltvalue(r)); /* l <= r ? */
    }
    else
    {
        lua_Number lf = fltvalue(l); /* 'l' must be float */
        if (ttisfloat(r))
            return luai_numle(lf, fltvalue(r)); /* both are float */
        else if (luai_numisnan(lf))             /* 'r' is int and 'l' is float */
            return 0;                           /*  NaN <= i is always false */
        else                                    /* without NaN, (l <= r)  <-->  not(r < l) */
            return !LTintfloat(ivalue(r), lf);  /* not (r < l) ? */
    }
}

/*
** Main operation less than; return 'l < r'.
*/
int luaV_lessthan(lua_State* L, const TValue* l, const TValue* r)
{
    int res;
    if (ttisnumber(l) && ttisnumber(r)) /* both operands are numbers? */
        return LTnum(l, r);
    else if (ttisstring(l) && ttisstring(r)) /* both are strings? */
        return l_strcmp(tsvalue(l), tsvalue(r)) < 0;
    else if ((res = luaT_callorderTM(L, l, r, TM_LT)) < 0) /* no metamethod? */
        luaG_ordererror(L, l, r);                          /* error */
    return res;
}

/*
** Main operation less than or equal to; return 'l <= r'. If it needs
** a metamethod and there is no '__le', try '__lt', based on
** l <= r iff !(r < l) (assuming a total order). If the metamethod
** yields during this substitution, the continuation has to know
** about it (to negate the result of r<l); bit CIST_LEQ in the call
** status keeps that information.
*/
int luaV_lessequal(lua_State* L, const TValue* l, const TValue* r)
{
    int res;
    if (ttisnumber(l) && ttisnumber(r)) /* both operands are numbers? */
        return LEnum(l, r);
    else if (ttisstring(l) && ttisstring(r)) /* both are strings? */
        return l_strcmp(tsvalue(l), tsvalue(r)) <= 0;
    else if ((res = luaT_callorderTM(L, l, r, TM_LE)) >= 0) /* try 'le' */
        return res;
    else
    {                                  /* try 'lt': */
        L->ci->callstatus |= CIST_LEQ; /* mark it is doing 'lt' for 'le' */
        res = luaT_callorderTM(L, r, l, TM_LT);
        L->ci->callstatus ^= CIST_LEQ; /* clear mark */
        if (res < 0)
            luaG_ordererror(L, l, r);
        return !res; /* result is negated */
    }
}

/*
** Main operation for equality of Lua values; return 't1 == t2'.
** L == NULL means raw equality (no metamethods)
*/
int luaV_equalobj(lua_State* L, const TValue* t1, const TValue* t2)
{
    const TValue* tm;
    if (ttype(t1) != ttype(t2))
    { /* not the same variant? */
        if (ttnov(t1) != ttnov(t2) || ttnov(t1) != LUA_TNUMBER)
        {
            //TEST<JksBasicGrammar, logicalOperator_eq>
            if (ttisboolean(t1) && ttnov(t2) == LUA_TNUMBER)
            {
                lua_Integer i2;
                tointeger(t2, &i2);
                return (t1->value_.b == i2);
            }
            else if (ttisboolean(t2) && ttnov(t1) == LUA_TNUMBER)
            {
                lua_Integer i1;
                tointeger(t1, &i1);
                return (t2->value_.b == i1);
            }
            //TESTEND<JksBasicGrammar, logicalOperator_eq>

            return 0; /* only numbers can be equal with different variants */
        }
        else
        {                       /* two numbers with different variants */
            lua_Integer i1, i2; /* compare them as integers */
            return (tointeger(t1, &i1) && tointeger(t2, &i2) && i1 == i2);
        }
    }
    /* values have same type and same variant */
    switch (ttype(t1))
    {
    case LUA_TNIL:
        return 1;
    case LUA_TNUMINT:
        return (ivalue(t1) == ivalue(t2));
    case LUA_TNUMFLT:
        return luai_numeq(fltvalue(t1), fltvalue(t2));
    case LUA_TBOOLEAN:
        return bvalue(t1) == bvalue(t2); /* true must be 1 !! */
    case LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA:
        return pvalue(t1) == pvalue(t2);
    case LUA_TLCF:
        return fvalue(t1) == fvalue(t2);
    case LUA_TSHRSTR:
        return eqshrstr(tsvalue(t1), tsvalue(t2));
    case LUA_TLNGSTR:
        return luaS_eqlngstr(tsvalue(t1), tsvalue(t2));
    case LUA_TUSERDATA:
    {
        if (uvalue(t1) == uvalue(t2))
            return 1;
        else if (L == NULL)
            return 0;
        tm = fasttm(L, uvalue(t1)->metatable, TM_EQ);
        if (tm == NULL)
            tm = fasttm(L, uvalue(t2)->metatable, TM_EQ);
        break; /* will try TM */
    }
    case LUA_TTABLE:
    {
        if (hvalue(t1) == hvalue(t2))
            return 1;
        else if (L == NULL)
            return 0;
        tm = fasttm(L, hvalue(t1)->metatable, TM_EQ);
        if (tm == NULL)
            tm = fasttm(L, hvalue(t2)->metatable, TM_EQ);
        break; /* will try TM */
    }
    default:
        return gcvalue(t1) == gcvalue(t2);
    }
    if (tm == NULL)                        /* no TM? */
        return 0;                          /* objects are different */
    luaT_callTM(L, tm, t1, t2, L->top, 1); /* call TM */
    return !l_isfalse(L->top);
}

/* macro used by 'luaV_concat' to ensure that element at 'o' is a string */
#define tostring(L, o) (ttisstring(o) || (cvt2str(o) && (luaO_tostring(L, o), 1)))

#define isemptystr(o) (ttisshrstring(o) && tsvalue(o)->shrlen == 0)

/* copy strings in stack from top - n up to top - 1 to buffer */
static void copy2buff(StkId top, int n, char* buff)
{
    size_t tl = 0; /* size already copied */
    do
    {
        size_t l = vslen(top - n); /* length of string being copied */
        memcpy(buff + tl, svalue(top - n), l * sizeof(char));
        tl += l;
    } while (--n > 0);
}

/*
** Main operation for concatenation: concat 'total' values in the stack,
** from 'L->top - total' up to 'L->top - 1'.
*/
void luaV_concat(lua_State* L, int total)
{
    lua_assert(total >= 2);
    do
    {
        StkId top = L->top;
        int n = 2; /* number of elements handled in this pass (at least 2) */
        if (!(ttisstring(top - 2) || cvt2str(top - 2)) || !tostring(L, top - 1))
            luaT_trybinTM(L, top - 2, top - 1, top - 2, TM_CONCAT);
        else if (isemptystr(top - 1))        /* second operand is empty? */
            cast_void(tostring(L, top - 2)); /* result is first operand */
        else if (isemptystr(top - 2))
        {                                   /* first operand is an empty string? */
            setobjs2s(L, top - 2, top - 1); /* result is second op. */
        }
        else
        {
            /* at least two non-empty string values; get as many as possible */
            size_t tl = vslen(top - 1);
            TString* ts;
            /* collect total length and number of strings */
            for (n = 1; n < total && tostring(L, top - n - 1); n++)
            {
                size_t l = vslen(top - n - 1);
                if (l >= (MAX_SIZE / sizeof(char)) - tl)
                    luaG_runerror(L, "string length overflow");
                tl += l;
            }
            if (tl <= LUAI_MAXSHORTLEN)
            { /* is result a short string? */
                char buff[LUAI_MAXSHORTLEN];
                copy2buff(top, n, buff); /* copy strings to buffer */
                ts = luaS_newlstr(L, buff, tl);
            }
            else
            { /* long string; copy strings directly to final result */
                ts = luaS_createlngstrobj(L, tl);
                copy2buff(top, n, getstr(ts));
            }
            setsvalue2s(L, top - n, ts); /* create result */
        }
        total -= n - 1;  /* got 'n' strings to create 1 new */
        L->top -= n - 1; /* popped 'n' strings and pushed one */
    } while (total > 1); /* repeat until only 1 result left */
}

/*
** Main operation 'ra' = #rb'.
*/
void luaV_objlen(lua_State* L, StkId ra, const TValue* rb)
{
    const TValue* tm;
    switch (ttype(rb))
    {
    case LUA_TTABLE:
    {
        Table* h = hvalue(rb);
        tm = fasttm(L, h->metatable, TM_LEN);
        if (tm)
            break;                   /* metamethod? break switch to call it */
        setivalue(ra, luaH_getn(h)); /* else primitive len */
        return;
    }
    case LUA_TSHRSTR:
    {
        setivalue(ra, tsvalue(rb)->shrlen);
        return;
    }
    case LUA_TLNGSTR:
    {
        setivalue(ra, tsvalue(rb)->u.lnglen);
        return;
    }
    default:
    { /* try metamethod */
        tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, rb, TM_LEN);
        if (ttisnil(tm)) /* no metamethod? */
            luaG_typeerror(L, rb, "get length of");
        break;
    }
    }
    luaT_callTM(L, tm, rb, rb, ra, 1);
}

/*
** Integer division; return 'm // n', that is, floor(m/n).
** C division truncates its result (rounds towards zero).
** 'floor(q) == trunc(q)' when 'q >= 0' or when 'q' is integer,
** otherwise 'floor(q) == trunc(q) - 1'.
*/
lua_Integer luaV_div(lua_State* L, lua_Integer m, lua_Integer n)
{
    if (l_castS2U(n) + 1u <= 1u)
    { /* special cases: -1 or 0 */
        if (n == 0)
            luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to divide by zero");
        return intop(-, 0, m); /* n==-1; avoid overflow with 0x80000...//-1 */
    }
    else
    {
        lua_Integer q = m / n;         /* perform C division */
        if ((m ^ n) < 0 && m % n != 0) /* 'm/n' would be negative non-integer? */
            q -= 1;                    /* correct result for different rounding */
        return q;
    }
}

/*
** Integer modulus; return 'm % n'. (Assume that C '%' with
** negative operands follows C99 behavior. See previous comment
** about luaV_div.)
*/
lua_Integer luaV_mod(lua_State* L, lua_Integer m, lua_Integer n)
{
    if (l_castS2U(n) + 1u <= 1u)
    { /* special cases: -1 or 0 */
        if (n == 0)
            luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to perform 'n%%0'");
        return 0; /* m % -1 == 0; avoid overflow with 0x80000...%-1 */
    }
    else
    {
        lua_Integer r = m % n;
        if (r != 0 && (m ^ n) < 0) /* 'm/n' would be non-integer negative? */
            r += n;                /* correct result for different rounding */
        return r;
    }
}

/* number of bits in an integer */
#define NBITS cast_int(sizeof(lua_Integer) * CHAR_BIT)

/*
** Shift left operation. (Shift right just negates 'y'.)
*/
lua_Integer luaV_shiftl(lua_Integer x, lua_Integer y)
{
    if (y < 0)
    { /* shift right? */
        if (y <= -NBITS)
            return 0;
        else
            return intop(>>, x, -y);
    }
    else
    { /* shift left */
        if (y >= NBITS)
            return 0;
        else
            return intop(<<, x, y);
    }
}

/*
** check whether cached closure in prototype 'p' may be reused, that is,
** whether there is a cached closure with the same upvalues needed by
** new closure to be created.
*/
static LClosure* getcached(Proto* p, UpVal** encup, StkId base)
{
    LClosure* c = p->cache;
    if (c != NULL)
    { /* is there a cached closure? */
        int nup = p->sizeupvalues;
        Upvaldesc* uv = p->upvalues;
        int i;
        for (i = 0; i < nup; i++)
        { /* check whether it has right upvalues */
            TValue* v = uv[i].instack ? base + uv[i].idx : encup[uv[i].idx]->v;
            if (c->upvals[i]->v != v)
                return NULL; /* wrong upvalue; cannot reuse closure */
        }
    }
    return c; /* return cached closure (or NULL if no cached closure) */
}

/*
** create a new Lua closure, push it in the stack, and initialize
** its upvalues. Note that the closure is not cached if prototype is
** already black (which means that 'cache' was already cleared by the
** GC).
*/
static void pushclosure(lua_State* L, Proto* p, UpVal** encup, StkId base, StkId ra)
{
    int nup = p->sizeupvalues;
    Upvaldesc* uv = p->upvalues;
    int i;
    LClosure* ncl = luaF_newLclosure(L, nup);
    ncl->p = p;
    setclLvalue(L, ra, ncl); /* anchor new closure in stack */
    for (i = 0; i < nup; i++)
    {                      /* fill in its upvalues */
        if (uv[i].instack) /* upvalue refers to local variable? */
            ncl->upvals[i] = luaF_findupval(L, base + uv[i].idx);
        else /* get upvalue from enclosing function */
            ncl->upvals[i] = encup[uv[i].idx];
        ncl->upvals[i]->refcount++;
        /* new closure is white, so we do not need a barrier here */
    }
    if (!isblack(p))    /* cache will not break GC invariant? */
        p->cache = ncl; /* save it on cache for reuse */
}

/*
** finish execution of an opcode interrupted by an yield
*/
void luaV_finishOp(lua_State* L)
{
    CallInfo* ci = L->ci;
    StkId base = ci->u.l.base;
    Instruction inst = *(ci->u.l.savedpc - 1); /* interrupted instruction */
    OpCode op = GET_OPCODE(inst);
    switch (op)
    { /* finish its execution */
    case OP_ADD:
    case OP_SUB:
    case OP_MUL:
    case OP_DIV:
    case OP_IDIV:
    case OP_BAND:
    case OP_BOR:
    case OP_BXOR:
    case OP_SHL:
    case OP_SHR:
    case OP_MOD:
    case OP_POW:
    case OP_UNM:
    case OP_BNOT:
    case OP_LEN:
    case OP_GETTABUP:
    case OP_GETTABLE:
    case OP_SELF:
    {
        setobjs2s(L, base + GETARG_A(inst), --L->top);
        break;
    }
    case OP_LE:
    case OP_LT:
    case OP_EQ:
    {
        int res = !l_isfalse(L->top - 1);
        L->top--;
        if (ci->callstatus & CIST_LEQ)
        { /* "<=" using "<" instead? */
            lua_assert(op == OP_LE);
            ci->callstatus ^= CIST_LEQ; /* clear mark */
            res = !res;                 /* negate result */
        }
        lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(*ci->u.l.savedpc) == OP_JMP);
        if (res != GETARG_A(inst)) /* condition failed? */
            ci->u.l.savedpc++;     /* skip jump instruction */
        break;
    }
    case OP_CONCAT:
    {
        StkId top = L->top - 1;                     /* top when 'luaT_trybinTM' was called */
        int b = GETARG_B(inst);                     /* first element to concatenate */
        int total = cast_int(top - 1 - (base + b)); /* yet to concatenate */
        setobj2s(L, top - 2, top);                  /* put TM result in proper position */
        if (total > 1)
        {                          /* are there elements to concat? */
            L->top = top - 1;      /* top is one after last element (at top-2) */
            luaV_concat(L, total); /* concat them (may yield again) */
        }
        /* move final result to final position */
        setobj2s(L, ci->u.l.base + GETARG_A(inst), L->top - 1);
        L->top = ci->top; /* restore top */
        break;
    }
    case OP_TFORCALL:
    {
        lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(*ci->u.l.savedpc) == OP_TFORLOOP);
        L->top = ci->top; /* correct top */
        break;
    }
    case OP_CALL:
    {
        if (GETARG_C(inst) - 1 >= 0) /* nresults >= 0? */
            L->top = ci->top;        /* adjust results */
        break;
    }
    case OP_TAILCALL:
    case OP_SETTABUP:
    case OP_SETTABLE:
        break;
    default:
        lua_assert(0);
    }
}

/*
** {==================================================================
** Function 'luaV_execute': main interpreter loop
** ===================================================================
*/

/*
** some macros for common tasks in 'luaV_execute'
*/

#define RA(i) (base + GETARG_A(i))
#define RB(i) check_exp(getBMode(GET_OPCODE(i)) == OpArgR, base + GETARG_B(i))
#define RC(i) check_exp(getCMode(GET_OPCODE(i)) == OpArgR, base + GETARG_C(i))
#define RKB(i) check_exp(getBMode(GET_OPCODE(i)) == OpArgK, ISK(GETARG_B(i)) ? k + INDEXK(GETARG_B(i)) : base + GETARG_B(i))
#define RKC(i) check_exp(getCMode(GET_OPCODE(i)) == OpArgK, ISK(GETARG_C(i)) ? k + INDEXK(GETARG_C(i)) : base + GETARG_C(i))

/* execute a jump instruction */
#define dojump(ci, i, e)                         \
    {                                            \
        int a = GETARG_A(i);                     \
        if (a != 0)                              \
            luaF_close(L, ci->u.l.base + a - 1); \
        ci->u.l.savedpc += GETARG_sBx(i) + e;    \
    }

/* for test instructions, execute the jump instruction that follows it */
#define donextjump(ci)        \
    {                         \
        i = *ci->u.l.savedpc; \
        dojump(ci, i, 1);     \
    }

#define Protect(x)           \
    {                        \
        {                    \
            x;               \
        };                   \
        base = ci->u.l.base; \
    }

#define checkGC(L, c)                                                      \
    {                                                                      \
        luaC_condGC(L,                                                     \
                    L->top = (c),               /* limit of live values */ \
                    Protect(L->top = ci->top)); /* restore top */          \
        luai_threadyield(L);                                               \
    }

/* fetch an instruction and prepare its execution */
#define vmfetch()                                                          \
    {                                                                      \
        i = *(ci->u.l.savedpc++);                                          \
        if (L->hookmask & (LUA_MASKLINE | LUA_MASKCOUNT))                  \
            Protect(luaG_traceexec(L));                                    \
        ra = RA(i); /* WARNING: any stack reallocation invalidates 'ra' */ \
        lua_assert(base == ci->u.l.base);                                  \
        lua_assert(base <= L->top && L->top < L->stack + L->stacksize);    \
    }

#define vmdispatch(o) switch (o)
#define vmcase(l) case l:
#define vmbreak break

/*
** copy of 'luaV_gettable', but protecting the call to potential
** metamethod (which can reallocate the stack)
*/
#define gettableProtected(L, t, k, v)                  \
    {                                                  \
        const TValue* slot;                            \
        if (luaV_fastget(L, t, k, slot, luaH_get))     \
        {                                              \
            setobj2s(L, v, slot);                      \
        }                                              \
        else                                           \
            Protect(luaV_finishget(L, t, k, v, slot)); \
    }

/* same for 'luaV_settable' */
#define settableProtected(L, t, k, v)                  \
    {                                                  \
        const TValue* slot;                            \
        if (!luaV_fastset(L, t, k, slot, luaH_get, v)) \
            Protect(luaV_finishset(L, t, k, v, slot)); \
    }

void luaV_execute(lua_State* L)
{
    CallInfo* ci = L->ci;
    LClosure* cl;
    TValue* k;
    StkId base;
    ci->callstatus |= CIST_FRESH; /* fresh invocation of 'luaV_execute" */
newframe:                         /* reentry point when frame changes (call/return) */
    lua_assert(ci == L->ci);
    cl = clLvalue(ci->func); /* local reference to function's closure */
    k = cl->p->k;            /* local reference to function's constant table */
    base = ci->u.l.base;     /* local copy of function's base */
    /* main loop of interpreter */
    for (;;)
    {
        Instruction i;
        StkId ra;
        vmfetch();
        vmdispatch(GET_OPCODE(i))
        {
            vmcase(OP_MOVE)
            {
                setobjs2s(L, ra, RB(i));
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_LOADK)
            {
                TValue* rb = k + GETARG_Bx(i);
                setobj2s(L, ra, rb);
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_LOADKX)
            {
                TValue* rb;
                lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(*ci->u.l.savedpc) == OP_EXTRAARG);
                rb = k + GETARG_Ax(*ci->u.l.savedpc++);
                setobj2s(L, ra, rb);
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_LOADBOOL)
            {
                setbvalue(ra, GETARG_B(i));
                if (GETARG_C(i))
                    ci->u.l.savedpc++; /* skip next instruction (if C) */
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_LOADNIL)
            {
                int b = GETARG_B(i);
                do
                {
                    setnilvalue(ra++);
                } while (b--);
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_GETUPVAL)
            {
                int b = GETARG_B(i);
                setobj2s(L, ra, cl->upvals[b]->v);
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_GETTABUP)
            {
                TValue* upval = cl->upvals[GETARG_B(i)]->v;
                TValue* rc = RKC(i);
                gettableProtected(L, upval, rc, ra);
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_GETTABLE)
            {
                StkId rb = RB(i);
                TValue* rc = RKC(i);
                gettableProtected(L, rb, rc, ra);
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_SETTABUP)
            {
                TValue* upval = cl->upvals[GETARG_A(i)]->v;
                TValue* rb = RKB(i);
                TValue* rc = RKC(i);
                settableProtected(L, upval, rb, rc);
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_SETUPVAL)
            {
                UpVal* uv = cl->upvals[GETARG_B(i)];
                setobj(L, uv->v, ra);
                luaC_upvalbarrier(L, uv);
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_SETTABLE)
            {
                TValue* rb = RKB(i);
                TValue* rc = RKC(i);
                settableProtected(L, ra, rb, rc);
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_NEWTABLE)
            {
                int b = GETARG_B(i);
                int c = GETARG_C(i);
                Table* t = luaH_new(L);
                sethvalue(L, ra, t);
                if (b != 0 || c != 0)
                    luaH_resize(L, t, luaO_fb2int(b), luaO_fb2int(c));
                checkGC(L, ra + 1);
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_SELF)
            {
                const TValue* aux;
                StkId rb = RB(i);
                TValue* rc = RKC(i);
                TString* key = tsvalue(rc); /* key must be a string */
                setobjs2s(L, ra + 1, rb);
                if (luaV_fastget(L, rb, key, aux, luaH_getstr))
                {
                    setobj2s(L, ra, aux);
                }
                else
                    Protect(luaV_finishget(L, rb, rc, ra, aux));
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_ADD)
            {
                TValue* rb = RKB(i);
                TValue* rc = RKC(i);
                lua_Number nb;
                lua_Number nc;
                if (ttisinteger(rb) && ttisinteger(rc))
                {
                    lua_Integer ib = ivalue(rb);
                    lua_Integer ic = ivalue(rc);
                    setivalue(ra, intop(+, ib, ic));
                }
                else if (tonumber(rb, &nb) && tonumber(rc, &nc))
                {
                    setfltvalue(ra, luai_numadd(L, nb, nc));
                }
                else
                {
                    Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rc, ra, TM_ADD));
                }
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_SUB)
            {
                TValue* rb = RKB(i);
                TValue* rc = RKC(i);
                lua_Number nb;
                lua_Number nc;
                if (ttisinteger(rb) && ttisinteger(rc))
                {
                    lua_Integer ib = ivalue(rb);
                    lua_Integer ic = ivalue(rc);
                    setivalue(ra, intop(-, ib, ic));
                }
                else if (tonumber(rb, &nb) && tonumber(rc, &nc))
                {
                    setfltvalue(ra, luai_numsub(L, nb, nc));
                }
                else
                {
                    Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rc, ra, TM_SUB));
                }
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_MUL)
            {
                TValue* rb = RKB(i);
                TValue* rc = RKC(i);
                lua_Number nb;
                lua_Number nc;
                if (ttisinteger(rb) && ttisinteger(rc))
                {
                    lua_Integer ib = ivalue(rb);
                    lua_Integer ic = ivalue(rc);
                    setivalue(ra, intop(*, ib, ic));
                }
                else if (tonumber(rb, &nb) && tonumber(rc, &nc))
                {
                    setfltvalue(ra, luai_nummul(L, nb, nc));
                }
                else
                {
                    Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rc, ra, TM_MUL));
                }
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_DIV)
            { /* float division (always with floats) */
                TValue* rb = RKB(i);
                TValue* rc = RKC(i);
                lua_Number nb;
                lua_Number nc;
                if (tonumber(rb, &nb) && tonumber(rc, &nc))
                {
                    setfltvalue(ra, luai_numdiv(L, nb, nc));
                }
                else
                {
                    Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rc, ra, TM_DIV));
                }
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_BAND)
            {
                TValue* rb = RKB(i);
                TValue* rc = RKC(i);
                lua_Integer ib;
                lua_Integer ic;
                if (tointeger(rb, &ib) && tointeger(rc, &ic))
                {
                    setivalue(ra, intop(&, ib, ic));
                }
                else
                {
                    Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rc, ra, TM_BAND));
                }
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_BOR)
            {
                TValue* rb = RKB(i);
                TValue* rc = RKC(i);
                lua_Integer ib;
                lua_Integer ic;
                if (tointeger(rb, &ib) && tointeger(rc, &ic))
                {
                    setivalue(ra, intop(|, ib, ic));
                }
                else
                {
                    Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rc, ra, TM_BOR));
                }
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_BXOR)
            {
                TValue* rb = RKB(i);
                TValue* rc = RKC(i);
                lua_Integer ib;
                lua_Integer ic;
                if (tointeger(rb, &ib) && tointeger(rc, &ic))
                {
                    setivalue(ra, intop(^, ib, ic));
                }
                else
                {
                    Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rc, ra, TM_BXOR));
                }
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_SHL)
            {
                TValue* rb = RKB(i);
                TValue* rc = RKC(i);
                lua_Integer ib;
                lua_Integer ic;
                if (tointeger(rb, &ib) && tointeger(rc, &ic))
                {
                    setivalue(ra, luaV_shiftl(ib, ic));
                }
                else
                {
                    Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rc, ra, TM_SHL));
                }
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_SHR)
            {
                TValue* rb = RKB(i);
                TValue* rc = RKC(i);
                lua_Integer ib;
                lua_Integer ic;
                if (tointeger(rb, &ib) && tointeger(rc, &ic))
                {
                    setivalue(ra, luaV_shiftl(ib, -ic));
                }
                else
                {
                    Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rc, ra, TM_SHR));
                }
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_MOD)
            {
                TValue* rb = RKB(i);
                TValue* rc = RKC(i);
                lua_Number nb;
                lua_Number nc;
                if (ttisinteger(rb) && ttisinteger(rc))
                {
                    lua_Integer ib = ivalue(rb);
                    lua_Integer ic = ivalue(rc);
                    setivalue(ra, luaV_mod(L, ib, ic));
                }
                else if (tonumber(rb, &nb) && tonumber(rc, &nc))
                {
                    lua_Number m;
                    luai_nummod(L, nb, nc, m);
                    setfltvalue(ra, m);
                }
                else
                {
                    Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rc, ra, TM_MOD));
                }
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_IDIV)
            { /* floor division */
                TValue* rb = RKB(i);
                TValue* rc = RKC(i);
                lua_Number nb;
                lua_Number nc;
                if (ttisinteger(rb) && ttisinteger(rc))
                {
                    lua_Integer ib = ivalue(rb);
                    lua_Integer ic = ivalue(rc);
                    setivalue(ra, luaV_div(L, ib, ic));
                }
                else if (tonumber(rb, &nb) && tonumber(rc, &nc))
                {
                    setfltvalue(ra, luai_numidiv(L, nb, nc));
                }
                else
                {
                    Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rc, ra, TM_IDIV));
                }
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_POW)
            {
                TValue* rb = RKB(i);
                TValue* rc = RKC(i);
                lua_Number nb;
                lua_Number nc;
                if (tonumber(rb, &nb) && tonumber(rc, &nc))
                {
                    setfltvalue(ra, luai_numpow(L, nb, nc));
                }
                else
                {
                    Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rc, ra, TM_POW));
                }
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_UNM)
            {
                TValue* rb = RB(i);
                lua_Number nb;
                if (ttisinteger(rb))
                {
                    lua_Integer ib = ivalue(rb);
                    setivalue(ra, intop(-, 0, ib));
                }
                else if (tonumber(rb, &nb))
                {
                    setfltvalue(ra, luai_numunm(L, nb));
                }
                else
                {
                    Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rb, ra, TM_UNM));
                }
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_BNOT)
            {
                TValue* rb = RB(i);
                lua_Integer ib;
                if (tointeger(rb, &ib))
                {
                    setivalue(ra, intop(^, ~l_castS2U(0), ib));
                }
                else
                {
                    Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rb, ra, TM_BNOT));
                }
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_NOT)
            {
                TValue* rb = RB(i);
                int res = l_isfalse(rb); /* next assignment may change this value */
                setbvalue(ra, res);
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_LEN)
            {
                Protect(luaV_objlen(L, ra, RB(i)));
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_CONCAT)
            {
                int b = GETARG_B(i);
                int c = GETARG_C(i);
                StkId rb;
                L->top = base + c + 1; /* mark the end of concat operands */
                Protect(luaV_concat(L, c - b + 1));
                ra = RA(i); /* 'luaV_concat' may invoke TMs and move the stack */
                rb = base + b;
                setobjs2s(L, ra, rb);
                checkGC(L, (ra >= rb ? ra + 1 : rb));
                L->top = ci->top; /* restore top */
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_JMP)
            {
                dojump(ci, i, 0);
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_EQ)
            {
                TValue* rb = RKB(i);
                TValue* rc = RKC(i);
                Protect(if (luaV_equalobj(L, rb, rc) != GETARG_A(i)) ci->u.l.savedpc++; else donextjump(ci);) vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_LT) { Protect(if (luaV_lessthan(L, RKB(i), RKC(i)) != GETARG_A(i)) ci->u.l.savedpc++; else donextjump(ci);) vmbreak; }
            vmcase(OP_LE) { Protect(if (luaV_lessequal(L, RKB(i), RKC(i)) != GETARG_A(i)) ci->u.l.savedpc++; else donextjump(ci);) vmbreak; }
            vmcase(OP_TEST)
            {
                if (GETARG_C(i) ? l_isfalse(ra) : !l_isfalse(ra))
                    ci->u.l.savedpc++;
                else
                    donextjump(ci);
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_TESTSET)
            {
                TValue* rb = RB(i);
                if (GETARG_C(i) ? l_isfalse(rb) : !l_isfalse(rb))
                    ci->u.l.savedpc++;
                else
                {
                    setobjs2s(L, ra, rb);
                    donextjump(ci);
                }
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_CALL)
            {
                int b = GETARG_B(i);
                int nresults = GETARG_C(i) - 1;
                if (b != 0)
                    L->top = ra + b; /* else previous instruction set top */
                if (luaD_precall(L, ra, nresults))
                { /* C function? */
                    if (nresults >= 0)
                        L->top = ci->top; /* adjust results */
                    Protect((void)0);     /* update 'base' */
                }
                else
                { /* Lua function */
                    ci = L->ci;
                    goto newframe; /* restart luaV_execute over new Lua function */
                }
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_TAILCALL)
            {
                int b = GETARG_B(i);
                if (b != 0)
                    L->top = ra + b; /* else previous instruction set top */
                lua_assert(GETARG_C(i) - 1 == LUA_MULTRET);
                if (luaD_precall(L, ra, LUA_MULTRET))
                {                     /* C function? */
                    Protect((void)0); /* update 'base' */
                }
                else
                {
                    /* tail call: put called frame (n) in place of caller one (o) */
                    CallInfo* nci = L->ci;         /* called frame */
                    CallInfo* oci = nci->previous; /* caller frame */
                    StkId nfunc = nci->func;       /* called function */
                    StkId ofunc = oci->func;       /* caller function */
                    /* last stack slot filled by 'precall' */
                    StkId lim = nci->u.l.base + getproto(nfunc)->numparams;
                    int aux;
                    /* close all upvalues from previous call */
                    if (cl->p->sizep > 0)
                        luaF_close(L, oci->u.l.base);
                    /* move new frame into old one */
                    for (aux = 0; nfunc + aux < lim; aux++) setobjs2s(L, ofunc + aux, nfunc + aux);
                    oci->u.l.base = ofunc + (nci->u.l.base - nfunc); /* correct base */
                    oci->top = L->top = ofunc + (L->top - nfunc);    /* correct top */
                    oci->u.l.savedpc = nci->u.l.savedpc;
                    oci->callstatus |= CIST_TAIL; /* function was tail called */
                    ci = L->ci = oci;             /* remove new frame */
                    lua_assert(L->top == oci->u.l.base + getproto(ofunc)->maxstacksize);
                    goto newframe; /* restart luaV_execute over new Lua function */
                }
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_RETURN)
            {
                int b = GETARG_B(i);
                if (cl->p->sizep > 0)
                    luaF_close(L, base);
                b = luaD_poscall(L, ci, ra, (b != 0 ? b - 1 : cast_int(L->top - ra)));
                if (ci->callstatus & CIST_FRESH) /* local 'ci' still from callee */
                    return;                      /* external invocation: return */
                else
                { /* invocation via reentry: continue execution */
                    ci = L->ci;
                    if (b)
                        L->top = ci->top;
                    lua_assert(isLua(ci));
                    lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(*((ci)->u.l.savedpc - 1)) == OP_CALL);
                    goto newframe; /* restart luaV_execute over new Lua function */
                }
            }
            vmcase(OP_FORLOOP)
            {
                if (ttisinteger(ra))
                { /* integer loop? */
                    lua_Integer step = ivalue(ra + 2);
                    lua_Integer idx = intop(+, ivalue(ra), step); /* increment index */
                    lua_Integer limit = ivalue(ra + 1);
                    if ((0 < step) ? (idx <= limit) : (limit <= idx))
                    {
                        ci->u.l.savedpc += GETARG_sBx(i); /* jump back */
                        chgivalue(ra, idx);               /* update internal index... */
                        setivalue(ra + 3, idx);           /* ...and external index */
                    }
                }
                else
                { /* floating loop */
                    lua_Number step = fltvalue(ra + 2);
                    lua_Number idx = luai_numadd(L, fltvalue(ra), step); /* inc. index */
                    lua_Number limit = fltvalue(ra + 1);
                    if (luai_numlt(0, step) ? luai_numle(idx, limit) : luai_numle(limit, idx))
                    {
                        ci->u.l.savedpc += GETARG_sBx(i); /* jump back */
                        chgfltvalue(ra, idx);             /* update internal index... */
                        setfltvalue(ra + 3, idx);         /* ...and external index */
                    }
                }
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_FORPREP)
            {
                TValue* init = ra;
                TValue* plimit = ra + 1;
                TValue* pstep = ra + 2;
                lua_Integer ilimit;
                int stopnow;
                if (ttisinteger(init) && ttisinteger(pstep) && forlimit(plimit, &ilimit, ivalue(pstep), &stopnow))
                {
                    /* all values are integer */
                    lua_Integer initv = (stopnow ? 0 : ivalue(init));
                    setivalue(plimit, ilimit);
                    setivalue(init, intop(-, initv, ivalue(pstep)));
                }
                else
                { /* try making all values floats */
                    lua_Number ninit;
                    lua_Number nlimit;
                    lua_Number nstep;
                    if (!tonumber(plimit, &nlimit))
                        luaG_runerror(L, "'for' limit must be a number");
                    setfltvalue(plimit, nlimit);
                    if (!tonumber(pstep, &nstep))
                        luaG_runerror(L, "'for' step must be a number");
                    setfltvalue(pstep, nstep);
                    if (!tonumber(init, &ninit))
                        luaG_runerror(L, "'for' initial value must be a number");
                    setfltvalue(init, luai_numsub(L, ninit, nstep));
                }
                ci->u.l.savedpc += GETARG_sBx(i);
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_TFORCALL)
            {
                StkId cb = ra + 3; /* call base */
                setobjs2s(L, cb + 2, ra + 2);
                setobjs2s(L, cb + 1, ra + 1);
                setobjs2s(L, cb, ra);
                L->top = cb + 3; /* func. + 2 args (state and index) */
                Protect(luaD_call(L, cb, GETARG_C(i)));
                L->top = ci->top;
                i = *(ci->u.l.savedpc++); /* go to next instruction */
                ra = RA(i);
                lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(i) == OP_TFORLOOP);
                goto l_tforloop;
            }
            vmcase(OP_TFORLOOP)
            {
            l_tforloop:
                if (!ttisnil(ra + 1))
                {                                     /* continue loop? */
                    setobjs2s(L, ra, ra + 1);         /* save control variable */
                    ci->u.l.savedpc += GETARG_sBx(i); /* jump back */
                }
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_SETLIST)
            {
                int n = GETARG_B(i);
                int c = GETARG_C(i);
                unsigned int last;
                Table* h;
                if (n == 0)
                    n = cast_int(L->top - ra) - 1;
                if (c == 0)
                {
                    lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(*ci->u.l.savedpc) == OP_EXTRAARG);
                    c = GETARG_Ax(*ci->u.l.savedpc++);
                }
                h = hvalue(ra);
                last = ((c - 1) * LFIELDS_PER_FLUSH) + n;
                if (last > h->sizearray)          /* needs more space? */
                    luaH_resizearray(L, h, last); /* preallocate it at once */
                for (; n > 0; n--)
                {
                    TValue* val = ra + n;
                    luaH_setint(L, h, last--, val);
                    luaC_barrierback(L, h, val);
                }
                L->top = ci->top; /* correct top (in case of previous open call) */
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_CLOSURE)
            {
                Proto* p = cl->p->p[GETARG_Bx(i)];
                LClosure* ncl = getcached(p, cl->upvals, base); /* cached closure */
                if (ncl == NULL)                                /* no match? */
                    pushclosure(L, p, cl->upvals, base, ra);    /* create a new one */
                else
                    setclLvalue(L, ra, ncl); /* push cashed closure */
                checkGC(L, ra + 1);
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_VARARG)
            {
                int b = GETARG_B(i) - 1; /* required results */
                int j;
                int n = cast_int(base - ci->func) - cl->p->numparams - 1;
                if (n < 0) /* less arguments than parameters? */
                    n = 0; /* no vararg arguments */
                if (b < 0)
                {          /* B == 0? */
                    b = n; /* get all var. arguments */
                    Protect(luaD_checkstack(L, n));
                    ra = RA(i); /* previous call may change the stack */
                    L->top = ra + n;
                }
                for (j = 0; j < b && j < n; j++) setobjs2s(L, ra + j, base - n + j);
                for (; j < b; j++) /* complete required results with nil */
                    setnilvalue(ra + j);
                vmbreak;
            }
            vmcase(OP_EXTRAARG)
            {
                lua_assert(0);
                vmbreak;
            }
        }
    }
}

/* }================================================================== */
